Open History Book

Osman, Orhan and Murad I: From Bithynia to Kosovo

c. 1280 – 1299: Söğüt

c. 1280Anatolia around 1280 c. 1280Ertuğrul and Söğüt 1284–1288Osman’s first raids, 1284–1288 1299Bilecik, Yarhisar and İnegöl, 1299

1299 – 1326: Osman

c. 1300The beyliks around 1300 April – 27 July 1302Bapheus, 1302 1303–1308Dimbos and the Sakarya, 1303–1308 1303–1311The Catalan Company, 1303–1311 1308–1324The ring around Bursa, 1308–1324 6 April 1326Bursa, 1326

1326 – 1345: Orhan in Bithynia

Battle of Pelekanon, 1329

June 1329The march to Pelekanon 10 June 1329The fight below the hills 11 June 1329The retreat to Philokrene

2 March 1331Nicaea, 1331 1333–1337Nicomedia and Kocaeli, 1333–1337 About 1345Karesi, 1345

1341 – 1357: Into Europe

June 1341 – February 1347The Byzantine civil war, 1341–1347 13 February – October 1352Demotika, 1352 2 March – December 1354Gallipoli, 1354 1354 (or 1356)Ankara, 1354 1355–1357Süleyman in Thrace, 1355–1357

The early Ottoman state

c. 1300 – 1360sGazis, dervishes and akhis 1324 – 1387Bey, vizier and kadı 1320s – 1380sYaya, müsellem, akıncı and the janissaries 1331 – 1388Bursa, İznik and Edirne c. 1300 – 1355Christians under the beys

1357 – 1371: Murad and Thrace

1357–1362Murad becomes sultan, 1357–1362 1361 or 1369Adrianople, 1361 or 1369 1363–1365Philippopolis and Sırpsındığı, 1363–1365 June 1366 – 1371The Savoyard crusade, 1366 26 September – December 1371Maritsa, 1371

1371 – 1385: Vassals

1371–1376Vassals, 1371–1376 May 1373 – July 1379Savcı, Andronikos IV and Gallipoli, 1373–1379 1378–1381Germiyan and Hamid, 1378–1381 1380 or 1381Dubravnica, 1381 1380–1385Sofia and the Vardar, 1382–1385 November 1382 – 9 April 1387Serres and Thessalonica, 1383–1387 1385Savra, 1385

1386 – 1388: Karaman, Serbia and Bosnia

1386 or 1387Karaman, 1386–1387 1386 or 1387Niš and Pločnik, 1386 August 1388Bileća, 1388 1388Ali Pasha in Bulgaria, 1388

1389: Kosovo

1389The march to Kosovo, 1389

Battle of Kosovo, 1389

14–15 June 1389The armies on Kosovo field 15 June 1389The battle lines 15 June 1389The Serbian charge 15 June 1389Bayezid’s counterattack

June 1389 – 1390After Kosovo, 1389

c. 1280 – 1389

Osman, Orhan and Murad I: From Bithynia to Kosovo

The first three Ottoman rulers, from Osman's raids on Byzantine Bithynia around 1300 through Orhan's Bursa, Nicaea and Gallipoli to Murad I's conquests in Thrace and the Balkans and his death at Kosovo in 1389.