September to October 1918
The Syrian front and the retreat to Aleppo
In August 1918 Mustafa Kemal returns to Palestine as commander of the Seventh Army. On 19 September Allenby's offensive at Megiddo breaks the Ottoman line. Mustafa Kemal brings what is left of his army north through Damascus to Aleppo and, on 26 October, holds a line at Qatma north of the city, close to the present Turkish–Syrian border.
Mustafa Kemal Pasha with Liman von Sanders at Adana on taking over the Yıldırım Army Group, 31 October 1918Wikimedia Commons, Unknown author, Public domain (Mustafa Kemal Paşa, Adana, 31 Ekim 1918.png)
Mustafa Kemal Pasha as commander of the Yıldırım Army Group, 1918Wikimedia Commons, Unknown author, Public domain (Mustafa Kemal Pasha, Yıldırım Orduları Kumandanı, 1918.jpg)
Sources
- Andrew Mango, Atatürk (1999).
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