13 to 29 October 1923
Ankara becomes the capital and the Republic is proclaimed
On 13 October 1923 the Assembly makes Ankara the capital. On the evening of 29 October it amends the constitution with one line, "The form of government of the Turkish state is a republic", and elects Mustafa Kemal the first president of the Republic.
Mustafa Kemal, President of the Grand National Assembly, Ankara, December 1922. Autochrome by Frédéric GadmerWikimedia Commons, Gadmer Frédéric, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Le Maréchal Mustafa Kemal, Président de la Grande Assemblée Nationale et Commandant en chef de l'armée (avec son kalpak sur la tête) - A37088.jpg)
The second Assembly building in Ankara, where the Republic was proclaimedWikimedia Commons, Cetorhinus, CC BY-SA 3.0 (II. TBMM Binası.JPG)
Mustafa Kemal’s residence at Çankaya near Ankara, December 1922Wikimedia Commons, Gadmer Frédéric, CC BY-SA 4.0 (La résidence de Mustafa Kemal Cankaya (près d'Ankara) - A37099.jpg)
Sources
- Andrew Mango, Atatürk (1999).
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